Hepatitis & HIV — Dental Protocols
Transmission Risk (needlestick)
- Hepatitis B — highest risk per exposure (up to ~30%); preventable by vaccination.
- Hepatitis C — intermediate (~2-3%); most common chronic blood-borne infection.
- HIV — lowest needlestick risk (~0.3%).
Post-Exposure
Wash, report, assess source; post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) for HIV should start as soon as possible (ideally within hours, up to 72 h).
Infection Control
Apply universal/standard precautions for ALL patients — gloves, mask, eye protection, sterilisation, sharps safety.
Exam Tips ⭐
HBV = highest needlestick risk; HIV = lowest (~0.3%); PEP within 72 h; universal precautions for everyone.
📝 Practice MCQs — Hepatitis & HIV — Dental Protocols
Q1. Which has the highest risk of transmission from a needlestick injury?
A. HIV
B. Hepatitis B
C. Hepatitis C
D. Hepatitis A
Show Answer
✅ Answer: B
Hepatitis B has the highest per-exposure transmission risk.
Q2. HIV post-exposure prophylaxis should ideally begin within:
A. 72 hours
B. 1 week
C. 1 month
D. Anytime
Show Answer
✅ Answer: A
PEP is most effective started as early as possible, within 72 hours.
Q3. Universal precautions should be applied to:
A. Only known infected patients
B. All patients
C. Only surgery patients
D. Children only
Show Answer
✅ Answer: B
Standard precautions apply to every patient.
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Related Topics
Bleeding DisordersOral Infections (Candida, TB, Syphilis, HIV)Sterilization