Bone Grafting & Augmentation
Graft Types
- Autograft — patient's own bone; the gold standard: osteogenic + osteoinductive + osteoconductive.
- Allograft — same species (e.g., DFDBA — osteoinductive).
- Xenograft — another species (e.g., Bio-Oss, bovine) — osteoconductive scaffold.
- Alloplast — synthetic (hydroxyapatite, β-TCP, bioactive glass).
Guided Bone Regeneration (GBR)
A barrier membrane (resorbable or non-resorbable, sometimes titanium-reinforced) holds space and excludes soft tissue so bone can fill a defect — often with a graft.
Exam Tips ⭐
Autograft = gold standard (all three properties); DFDBA = osteoinductive; xenograft = conductive scaffold; GBR uses a membrane.