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Immunopathology & Autoimmune Diseases

Advanced Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology • NEET MDS Study Guide • AI-Generated Notes

⭐ High-Yield Facts for Exam

  • Type I = IgE; II = cytotoxic (pemphigus).
  • Type III = immune complex (SLE).
  • Type IV = T-cell (contact dermatitis).
  • ANA = screening; anti-dsDNA = SLE-specific.
  • Anti-SSA/SSB = Sjögren's.

Immunopathology & Autoimmune Diseases

Hypersensitivity (Gell & Coombs)

  • Type I — IgE (anaphylaxis).
  • Type II — cytotoxic IgG/IgM (e.g., pemphigus).
  • Type III — immune complexes (e.g., SLE).
  • Type IV — T-cell mediated (contact dermatitis, lichen planus features).

Autoantibodies

ANA = screening for autoimmune connective tissue disease; anti-dsDNA = specific for SLE; anti-SSA/SSB in Sjögren's; rheumatoid factor/anti-CCP in RA.

Exam Tips ⭐

Type I = IgE; II = pemphigus; III = SLE; IV = T-cell. ANA screens; anti-dsDNA specific for SLE.

📝 Practice MCQs — Immunopathology & Autoimmune Diseases

Q1. Pemphigus vulgaris is which hypersensitivity type?
A. Type I
B. Type II
C. Type III
D. Type IV
Show Answer
✅ Answer: B
Pemphigus is a Type II (antibody-mediated cytotoxic) reaction.
Q2. Which antibody is specific for SLE?
A. ANA
B. Anti-dsDNA
C. Rheumatoid factor
D. Anti-CCP
Show Answer
✅ Answer: B
Anti-dsDNA is specific for systemic lupus erythematosus.
Q3. Immune complex deposition characterises which hypersensitivity?
A. Type I
B. Type II
C. Type III
D. Type IV
Show Answer
✅ Answer: C
Type III involves immune complex deposition (e.g., SLE).
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