Extractions, fractures, LA, TMJ
Lidocaine = most commonly used LA. Articaine = only amide that's also an ester. IANB = most common nerve block. Max dose lidocaine = 4.4mg/kg (7mg/kg with epi). Vasoconstrictor CI = uncontrolled HTN, hyperthyroid.
Winter's classification = vertical/horizontal/mesioangular/distoangular. Pell & Gregory = depth + ramus relation. Most common impaction = mesioangular. Most difficult = distoangular.
Most common site = condyle (overall) or body (in India). Favorable vs unfavorable = based on muscle pull. Treatment: closed reduction (IMF) vs open reduction (plates). Gunning splints = edentulous patients.
Le Fort I = floating palate. Le Fort II = pyramidal. Le Fort III = craniofacial dysjunction. ALL involve pterygoid plates. ZMC fracture = tripod = 3 point fixation.
Internal derangement = disc displacement. With reduction = click. Without reduction = lock. Wilkes classification = 5 stages. Arthrocentesis = simplest surgical treatment.
Ludwig's angina = bilateral submandibular + sublingual + submental. Most dangerous complication = airway obstruction. Canine space = dangerous = angular vein → cavernous sinus.
Enucleation = complete removal. Marsupialization = decompression (for large cysts near vital structures). Carnoy's solution = chemical cauterization for OKC.
Incisional = large lesions, includes margin of normal tissue. Excisional = small lesions (<1cm). FNAC = salivary gland, lymph nodes. Brush biopsy = screening.